THE ISLAND OF THE SUN GOD HELIOS
The island of Rhodes is at a crossroads between Europe, the Middle East and Africa. This has given the city and the island many different identities, cultures, architectures, and languages over its long history. The city of Rhodes is situated in the north-east tip of the island and forms a triangle from north to south. It’s the capital of the island of Rhodes. The city has a population of about 55,000 and other 60,000 live in 42 villages.
Brief History of Rhodes
The island has been inhabited since about 5000 BC (Neolithic Period). The city of Rhodes was formed in 408 BC, by the ancient cities of Ialyssos, Kamiros and Lindos. According to Acts 21:1, the Apostle Paul stopped at Rhodes near the end of his third missionary journey. From the 4th till the 14th c. AD, Rhodes was part of the Byzantine Empire. The Knights Hospitallers captured the island and established their headquarters on Rhodes in 1309. They remained on the Island for the next two centuries, harassing Muslim shipping, until 1522 when the newly enthroned Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent conquered the island. The Knights were allowed to leave. In 1912 Italian troops took the island over with the rest of the Dodecanese islands and established an Italian colony. During the Second World War, in 1943, the Germans took over the control of the Dodecanese islands, until 1945 when finally, they surrendered to the British, signing the end of the war in Symi island on the 8th of May 1945. Rhodes and the rest of the Dodecanese Islands, finally became part of Greece again, officially on the 7th of Martch 1948.
The Medieval city of Rhodes is a world heritage monument. With the Palace of the Grand Masters, the Great Hospital and the Street of the Knights, the Upper Town is one of the most beautiful urban ensembles of the Gothic period. In the Lower Town, Gothic architecture coexists with Christian churches, mosques, public baths, a synagogue and other buildings dating from the Byzantine period, the Medieval times and the Ottoman period.